Wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs) often suffer from performance degradation problems due to signal overcrowding in the common 2.4 GHz frequency band.

To help alleviate this overcrowding and congestion, WMAN service providers and metropolitan wireless internet service providers (WISPs) often implement 5 GHz “back haul” links to interconnect their 2.4 GHz networks, improving network performance and end user experience.